SpringBoot与Californium整合,实现物联网设备低功耗通信系统
CoAP是合实耗通一种专门为物联网设备设计的轻量级协议,特别适用于资源受限的现物信系环境。它通过简单的联网二进制消息格式、高效的设备传输机制和RESTful架构,使得在低带宽、低功高延迟和不可靠网络条件下进行通信变得容易。合实耗通
哪些公司使用Californium?现物信系
Intel Corporation在其 IoT 平台和开发工具中集成 Californium 以支持 CoAP 协议。IBM利用 Californium 在其 IoT 和边缘计算解决方案中实现高效的联网数据传输。西门子使用 Californium 在其 IoT 解决方案中实现低功耗设备的设备通信。Bosch Rexroth利用 Californium 支持其工业 IoT 应用程序中的低功 CoAP 通信。Infineon Technologies 在其嵌入式系统和 IoT 解决方案中集成 Californium 以支持 CoAP 协议。合实耗通爱立信在其 IoT 平台中使用 Californium 实现高效的现物信系设备间通信。Texas Instruments Inc.提供基于 Californium 的联网开发套件和示例代码,助力开发者构建 IoT 应用。设备ABB Ltd.在其智能制造解决方案中利用 Californium 实现高效的香港云服务器低功数据交换和控制。Cisco Systems, Inc.在其 IoT 平台上使用 Californium 实现低延迟和可靠的设备通信。Californium的特点
轻量级: 适合资源受限的设备。可靠传输: 支持确认消息(CON)、非确认消息(NON)和重置消息(RST)。多播支持: 允许向一组设备发送请求。观察机制: 客户端可以订阅资源变化,实时接收更新。安全性: 支持DTLS(Datagram Transport Layer Security)加密。RESTful架构: 使用HTTP方法(GET, POST, PUT, DELETE),便于与现有Web服务集成。Californium的核心组件
CoapClient: 用于创建CoAP客户端,发送请求并处理响应。CoapServer: 用于创建CoAP服务器,处理来自客户端的请求。CoapResource: 定义CoAP资源,处理特定路径上的请求。CoapExchange: 提供请求和响应的高防服务器上下文,便于处理具体业务逻辑。代码实操
复制<!-- Spring Boot Web Dependency --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Californium Spring Boot Starter --> <dependency> <groupId>org.eclipse.californium</groupId> <artifactId>californium-spring-boot-starter-server</artifactId> <version>2.6.0</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring Data JPA for database operations --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- MySQL Driver --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency>1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.application.properties
复制# MySQL 数据库配置 spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/iot_db?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=rootpassword spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver # Hibernate 配置 spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update spring.jpa.show-sql=true spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.Device实体类
复制package com.example.coapserver.entity; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; @Entity publicclass Device { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; // 设备ID,自增主键 private String deviceId; // 设备唯一标识符 private String type; // 设备类型 privatedouble temperature; // 温度数据 privateboolean active; // 设备是否激活 // Getter 和 Setter 方法 public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getDeviceId() { return deviceId; } public void setDeviceId(String deviceId) { this.deviceId = deviceId; } public String getType() { return type; } public void setType(String type) { this.type = type; } public double getTemperature() { return temperature; } public void setTemperature(double temperature) { this.temperature = temperature; } public boolean isActive() { return active; } public void setActive(boolean active) { this.active = active; } }1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.51.52.53.54.55.56.57.58.59.仓库接口
复制package com.example.coapserver.repository; import com.example.coapserver.entity.Device; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; public interface DeviceRepository extends JpaRepository<Device, Long> { Device findByDeviceId(String deviceId); // 根据设备ID查找设备 }1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.Controller
复制package com.example.coapserver.controller; import com.example.coapserver.entity.Device; import com.example.coapserver.repository.DeviceRepository; import org.eclipse.californium.core.CoapHandler; import org.eclipse.californium.core.CoapResponse; import org.eclipse.californium.spring.annotation.CoapController; import org.eclipse.californium.spring.annotation.CoapGetMapping; import org.eclipse.californium.spring.annotation.CoapObserveRelation; import org.eclipse.californium.spring.annotation.CoapPutMapping; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.List; import java.util.Optional; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; @RestController @CoapController @RequestMapping("/api") publicclass SensorDataController { privatestaticfinal Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SensorDataController.class); @Autowired private DeviceRepository deviceRepository; // 注入设备仓库 // 存储传感器数据的并发哈希映射 private ConcurrentHashMap<String, Double> sensorDataMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); private AtomicInteger observeCounter = new AtomicInteger(0); // 观察计数器 /** * 注册新设备 * * @param device 要注册的设备对象 * @return 注册结果 */ @PostMapping("/register") public ResponseEntity<String> registerDevice(@RequestBody Device device) { if (deviceRepository.findByDeviceId(device.getDeviceId()) != null) { returnnew ResponseEntity<>("设备已注册", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST); } device.setActive(true); deviceRepository.save(device); logger.info("注册设备: {}", device.getDeviceId()); returnnew ResponseEntity<>("设备注册成功", HttpStatus.CREATED);} /** * 更新传感器数据 * * @param sensorId 传感器ID * @param payload 数据负载(温度值) */ @CoapPutMapping("/sensors/{sensorId}") public void updateSensorData(@PathVariable String sensorId, byte[] payload) { String dataStr = new String(payload); try { double data = Double.parseDouble(dataStr); Optional<Device> deviceOpt = Optional.ofNullable(deviceRepository.findByDeviceId(sensorId)); if (deviceOpt.isPresent()) { Device device = deviceOpt.get(); device.setTemperature(data); deviceRepository.save(device); sensorDataMap.put(sensorId, data); logger.info("收到传感器 {} 的数据: {}", sensorId, data); checkAndAlert(sensorId, data); observeCounter.incrementAndGet(); // 触发观察者通知} else { logger.warn("未知的传感器ID: {}", sensorId);} } catch (NumberFormatException e) { logger.error("传感器 {} 的数据格式无效: {}", sensorId, dataStr);} } /** * 获取传感器数据 * * @param sensorId 传感器ID * @return 传感器数据 */ @CoapGetMapping("/sensors/{sensorId}") public String getSensorData(@PathVariable String sensorId) { return sensorDataMap.getOrDefault(sensorId, "无数据").toString(); } /** * 提供一个可观察的资源,用于实时订阅传感器状态的变化 * * @return 观察计数器值 */ @CoapObserveRelation @CoapGetMapping("/observe") public String observeSensors() { int count = observeCounter.get(); logger.info("观察传感器,计数器: {}", count); return String.valueOf(count); // 返回计数器值以触发观察者通知} /** * 获取所有已注册的设备信息 * * @return 设备列表 */ @GetMapping("/devices") public List<Device> getAllDevices() { return deviceRepository.findAll(); } /** * 检查温度并触发警报 * * @param sensorId 传感器ID * @param temperature 温度值 */ private void checkAndAlert(String sensorId, double temperature) { if (temperature > 30.0) { logger.warn("高温警报:传感器 {} 的温度为 {}°C", sensorId, temperature); // 在这里可以添加发送警报的通知逻辑} } }1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.51.52.53.54.55.56.57.58.59.60.61.62.63.64.65.66.67.68.69.70.71.72.73.74.75.76.77.78.79.80.81.82.83.84.85.86.87.88.89.90.91.92.93.94.95.96.97.98.99.100.101.102.103.104.105.106.107.108.109.110.111.112.113.114.115.116.117.118.119.120.121.122.123.124.125.126.127.128.Application
复制package com.example.coapserver; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class CoapServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(CoapServerApplication.class, args); } }1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.测试
为了测试CoAP协议,我们可以使用Californium提供的命令行工具来发送CoAP请求。

我已经安装Californium CLI工具。你也可以从Californium GitHub仓库 (https://github.com/eclipse/californium)下载并编译。很简单的!
更新传感器数据
复制cf-cli put coap://localhost:5683/api/sensors/sensor1 --payload "25.5"1.输出:
复制Sending PUT request to coap://localhost:5683/api/sensors/sensor1 Response from coap://localhost:5683/api/sensors/sensor1: Code: 2.04 Changed Payload:1.2.3.4.获取传感器数据
复制cf-cli get coap://localhost:5683/api/sensors/sensor11.输出:
复制Sending GET request to coap://localhost:5683/api/sensors/sensor1 Response from coap://localhost:5683/api/sensors/sensor1: Code: 2.05 Content Options: [Content-Format:text/plain] Payload: 25.51.2.3.4.5.服务器托管本文地址:http://www.bzve.cn/news/372d2499603.html
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