不懂监控，何谈运维！万字Zabbix企业级实战手册（下）！

　　Zabbix是不懂监控一个高度集成的网络监控解决方案，可以提供企业级的何谈开源分布式监控解决方案，由一个国外的企业团队持续维护更新，软件可以自由下载使用，战手运作团队靠提供收费的册下技术支持赢利。IT技术网

　　zabbix是不懂监控一个基于Web界面的，提供分布式系统监控以及网络监视功能的何谈企业级的开源解决方案。

　　本文接着上篇文章继续为大家讲解Zabbix企业级实战，企业阅读这篇文章之前建议先阅读：不懂监控，战手何谈运维！香港云服务器册下万字Zabbix企业级实战手册（上）！不懂监控

　　zabbix前端页面准备

#使用源码包 tar xf zabbix-5.0.18.tar.gz cd zabbix-5.0.18/ cp -a ui/* /app/code/zbx/ chown -R nginx.nginx /app/code/zbx/ #web页面安装

　　安装zabbix(zabbix 前端页面连接数据库与zabbix-server)

#php最后的何谈配置 Minimum required size of PHP post is 16M (configuration option "post_max_size"). Minimum required limit on execution time of PHP scripts is 300 (configuration option "max_execution_time"). Minimum required limit on input parse time for PHP scripts is 300 (configuration option "max_input_time"). Time zone for PHP is not set (configuration parameter "date.timezone"). post_max_size 16M max_execution_time 300 max_input_time 300 date.timezone [root@m03 ~]# egrep -n ^(max_|date.timezone|post_max) /etc/php.ini 368:max_execution_time = 300 378:max_input_time = 600 656:post_max_size = 80M 802:max_file_uploads = 20 877:date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai [root@m03 ~]# systemctl reload php-fpm.service

　　web连接数据库

　　zabbix页面连接 zabbxi 服务端

　　zabbix前端页面安装完成

　　登录 Admin: zabbix

　　效果

　　CentOS 8.x

#01 nginx随意 yum一个即可 server { listen 80; server_name zabbix.oldboylinux.cn; root /code/zabbix; location / { index index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } #02 php #nginx 1.20.1 php7.2 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo yum install epel-release.noarch -y #webtatic 要求 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-8.repo yum install php-cli php-fpm php-gd php-mbstring php-bcmath php-xml php-ldap php-mysqlnd -y [root@m03 ~]# rpm -qa |egrep nginx|php72w php72w-fpm-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 php72w-mbstring-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 nginx-1.20.1-2.el7.x86_64 php72w-common-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 php72w-pdo-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 php72w-mysqlnd-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 php72w-cli-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 php72w-ldap-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 php72w-xml-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-2.el7.noarch php72w-gd-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 php72w-bcmath-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64 #03 数据库 create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin; grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 123456; ##注意 mysql 8.0 坑 create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin; mysql> create user zabbix@localhost identified by 123456; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) #04 [root@web01 code 22:49:59]# cat /code/mysql.php <?php $servername = "localhost"; $username = "root"; $password = "lzy123.com"; // 创建连接 $conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password); // 检测连接 if (!$conn) { die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error()); } echo "小哥哥,php可以连接MySQL..."; ?> # mysql 8.0 坑 mysql> ALTER USER zabbix@localhost IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 123456; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) [root@web01 /application/nginx/conf/extra]#tail -f /var/log/nginx/error_zabbix.log [root@web01 /application/nginx/conf/extra]#tail -f /var/log/nginx/error_zabbix.log 2021/07/24 10:46:56 [error] 2530#2530: *7 FastCGI sent in stderr: "PHP message: PHP Warning: mysqli_connect(): (HY000/2002): No such file or directory in /code/zabbix/mysql.php on line 6" while reading response header from upstream, client: 127.0.0.1, server: zabbix.oldboy.cn, request: "GET /mysql.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock:", host: "localhost" 2021/07/24 10:50:15 [error] 2530#2530: *9 FastCGI sent in stderr: "PHP message: PHP Warning: mysqli_connect(): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client [caching_sha2_password] in /code/zabbix/mysql.php on line 6 PHP message: PHP Warning: mysqli_connect(): (HY000/2054): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client in /code/zabbix/mysql.php on line 6" while reading response header from upstream, client: 127.0.0.1, server: zabbix.oldboy.cn, request: "GET /mysql.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock:", host: "localhost" #php lnmp c8.0 error 2021/07/24 11:05:24 [error] 2530#2530: *44 FastCGI sent in stderr: "PHP message: PHP Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Call to undefined function json_encode() in /code/zabbix/include/classes/html/CSelect.php:225 Stack trace: #0 /code/zabbix/include/classes/html/CObject.php(89): CSelect->toString(false) #1 /code/zabbix/include/classes/html/CObject.php(66): unpack_object(Object(CSelect)) #2 /code/zabbix/include/classes/html/CTag.php(117): CObject->addItem(Object(CSelect)) #3 /code/zabbix/include/classes/html/CDiv.php(27): CTag->addItem(Object(CSelect)) #4 /code/zabbix/include/classes/html/CFormList.php(66): CDiv->__construct(Object(CSelect)) #5 /code/zabbix/include/classes/setup/CSetupWizard.php(235): CFormList->addRow(Object(CLabel), Object(CSelect)) #6 /code/zabbix/include/classes/setup/CSetupWizard.php(160): CSetupWizard->stage2() #7 /code/zabbix/include/classes/setup/CSetupWizard.php(111): CSetupWizard->getStage() #8 /code/zabbix/include/classes/html/CTag.php(97): CSetupWizard->bodyToString() #9 /code/zabbix/include/classes/html/CObject.php(89): CTag->toString(false) #10 /" while reading response header from upstream, client: 10.0.0.1, server: zabbix.oldboy.cn, request: "POST /setup.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock:", host: "10.0.0.7", referrer: "http://10.0.0.7/setup.php" server { listen 80; server_name zabbix.oldboylinux.cn; root /code/zabbix; location / { index index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/zabbix.sock; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT /usr/share/zabbix; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/zabbix$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED /usr/share/zabbix$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_ignore_client_abort off; fastcgi_connect_timeout 60; fastcgi_send_timeout 180; fastcgi_read_timeout 180; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 4 256k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k; } } }

　　前端

　　监控一台服务器主机

　　zabbix agent vs agent2

　　在任何一台服务器上面安装zabbix-agent、zabbix-agent2

　　补充:zabbix服务端与客户端配置详解

#zabbix 服务端 说明 [root@m03 ~]# rpm -qa |grep zabbix zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch #zabbix yum源配置文件 zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.13-1.el7.x86_64 #server zabbix-agent2-5.0.13-1.el7.x86_64 #agent2 #zabbix服务端 [root@m03 ~]# rpm -ql zabbix-server-mysql /etc/logrotate.d/zabbix-server #日志切割 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf #zabbix服务端配置文件 /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service #systemctl start/stop/restart 调用配置文件 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/zabbix-server.conf #备份 /usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts #报警使用的企业脚本 存放处 /usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts /usr/sbin/zabbix_server_mysql #zabbix 服务端命令 /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.13/create.sql.gz #zabbix 建表语句 /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.13/double.sql /usr/share/man/man8/zabbix_server.8.gz #帮助文件 /var/log/zabbix #日志文件 /var/run/zabbix #pid文件存放 #zabbix_server.conf [root@m03 ~]# grep ^[a-Z] /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log #日志文件 LogFileSize=0 #日志文件大小 0不限制大小 PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid SocketDir=/var/run/zabbix ##连接数据库部分 zabbix server 连接的数据库 DBHost=localhost DBName=zabbix DBUser=zabbix DBPassword=123456 # SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptrap/snmptrap.log #SNMP相关日志 Timeout=4 #超时时间 AlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts #告警脚本的路径 ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts LogSlowQueries=3000 #慢查询日志 超过3000毫秒 select /show StatsAllowedIP=127.0.0.1 #谁可以查看服务端状态 https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/5.0/zh/manual/appendix/config/zabbix_server

　　zabbix-客户端配置文件详解

[root@m03 ~]# grep ^[a-Z] /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.pid LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.log LogFileSize=0 Server=127.0.0.1 #zabbix 服务端ip地址 ServerActive=127.0.0.1 #zabbix 客户端主动模式的服务端ip地址 Hostname=Zabbix server #客户端主机名 暂时不改 Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/*.conf #类似于nginx incloude功能 ControlSocket=/tmp/agent.sock

　　监控客户端

# 1. 在web01 安装客户端agent2 #yum install -y zabbix-agent2 #注意: 其他机器安装rpm -ivh https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-agent2-5.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm [root@web01 /etc/yum.repos.d]# rpm -ivh https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-agent2-5.0.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm Retrieving https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-agent2-5.0.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.ZUobZE: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:zabbix-agent2-5.0.13-1.el7 ################################# [100%] [root@web01 /etc/yum.repos.d]# # 2.修改客户端配置 [root@web01 ~]# grep ^Server= /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf Server=172.16.1.72 # 3. 启动 [root@web01 ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-agent2.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-agent2.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent2.service. [root@web01 ~]# systemctl start zabbix-agent2.service [root@web01 ~]# # 4. 检查 [root@web01 ~]# ss -lntup |grep 10050 tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:10050 [::]:* users:(("zabbix_agent2",pid=10858,fd=6)) [root@web01 ~]# ps -ef |grep zabbix zabbix 10858 1 0 10:05 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agent2 -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf root 10878 10546 0 10:05 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto zabbix [root@web01 ~]# [root@web01 ~]# telnet 172.16.1.72 10051 Trying 172.16.1.72... Connected to 172.16.1.72. Escape character is ^]. Connection closed by foreign host. # 5. 调试命令 [root@m03 ~]# yum install -y zabbix-get [root@m03 ~]# # zabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -p 10050 -k "system.cpu.load[all,avg1] [root@m03 ~]# zabbix_get -s 172.16.1.7 -k system.hostname web01

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